02 Classic Works of Art, Marine Paintings - With Footnotes, #123

Frank H. Mason, New York/Ohio (1921-2009) 

Clipper Ship

Watercolor and gouache on paper 

28 inches x 18 inches

Private collection

A clipper was a very fast sailing ship of the middle third of the 19th century, generally either a schooner or a brigantine. They had multiple types of sail plans but the most common was three masts and a square rig. They were generally narrow for their length, small by later 19th century standards, could carry limited bulk freight, and had a large total sail area. Clipper ships were mostly constructed in British and American shipyards, though France, Brazil, the Netherlands and other nations also produced some. Clippers sailed all over the world, primarily on the trade routes between the United Kingdom and its colonies in the east, in trans-Atlantic trade, and on the New York-to-San Francisco route round Cape Horn during the California Gold Rush. Dutch clippers were built beginning in the 1850s for the tea trade and passenger service to Java.

The boom years of the clipper ship era began in 1843 as a result of a growing demand for a more rapid delivery of tea from China. It continued under the stimulating influence of the discovery of gold in California and Australia in 1848 and 1851, and ended with the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. More on Clipper Ships

Frank H. Mason, New York/Ohio (1921-2009) 

Clipper Ship

Watercolor and gouache on paper 

28 inches x 18 inches

Private collection

Frank Henry Mason (1 October 1875 – 24 February 1965), RBA, RI, RSMA was an artist best known for his maritime, shipping, coastal and harbour paintings, and as a creator of art deco travel and railway posters. His style is described as 'light impressionist' and he was a founder member of the Staithes Art Club whose members are known today as the Staithes group of artists, or the Northern Impressionists. More on Frank Henry Mason

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01 Classic Works of Art, Marine Paintings - With Footnotes, #122

Jean Dufy, French, 1888-1964 
Le Port 
Watercolor and gouache on paper laid down on board 
17 3/4 x 23 5/8 inches (45 x 60 cm) 

Private collection

Jean Dufy (b Le Havre, France, 1888; d La Boissière, 1964) French Painter. Following his service in the military, from 1910-1912, Jean Dufy relocated to Paris. Inspired by the work of Braque and Picasso, Dufy created watercolors that expressed a heightened understanding of color and light. In the mid-1920s, Jean Dufy became captivated by the music of the time, such as Darius Millaud and Francis Poulenc, and incorporated this interest into his artwork. While depicting orchestral and musical subjects, Dufy later became enchanted by the coast of Northern France and began to create majestic and effecting landscapes. Throughout the 1950s Dufy explored Western Europe and North America, but inevitably returned to his watercolors and oils of Paris. Just two months after the death of his wife, Ismérie, Jean Dufy died in 1964 in La Boissiere. More Jean Dufy

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01 Classic Works of Art, Marine Paintings - Johannes Hermann Barend Koekkoek, With Footnotes, #123

Johannes Hermann Barend Koekkoek, Amsterdam 1840 - Hilversum 1912 

A Man-O-War and a Freighter in the Roadstead 

Oil on canvas

81 x 115 cm

Private collection

A roadstead is a body of water sheltered from rip currents, spring tides or ocean swell where ships can lie reasonably safely at anchor without dragging or snatching. It can be open or natural, usually estuary-based, or may be created artificially. 


A roadstead can be an area of safe anchorage for ships waiting to enter a port (or to form a convoy); if sufficiently sheltered and convenient it can be used for transshipment of goods and stores or troops. In the days of sailing ships, some voyages could only easily be made with a change in wind direction, and ships would wait for a change of wind in a safe anchorage. More on a roadstead 

Johannes Hermanus Barend Koekkoek (July 6, 1840, Amsterdam - January 24, 1912, Hilversum) was a Dutch artist. He was the son of artist Hermanus Koekkoek, brother of Willem Koekkoek, and nephew of Barend Cornelis Koekkoek. His grandfather was the painter Johannes Hermanus Koekkoek.

In 1800 he moved to Middelburg and became a staff member in a wallpaper factory. At the same time he was a student of the "Middelburgse Teeken-Academie", founded in 1778, where he studied for copperplate engravings and plaster casts. In 1803 he received the award "Primus of the Academy in Drawing and the Naked, Living Image of Man". In the wallpaper workshop of Thomas Gaal was also Jakob Perkois, who also earned a reputation as a painter 

Koekkoek started painting in the romantic tradition of his father but after 1864 he changed his style to a kind of realism, under influence of the Hague School. More on Johannes Hermanus Barend Koekkoek

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01 Classic Works of Art, Marine Paintings - With Footnotes, #121

Montague Dawson, British, 1895-1973 

Night Suspect (A British Coast Guard Cutter in Pursuit) 

Oil on canvas 

25 x 36 inches (61 x 91.5 cm) 

Private collection

The painting depicts the dramatic chase on a moonlit night by the British Coast Guard, firing a canon at suspected smugglers in the English Channel. More on this painting

Montague Dawson RMSA, FRSA (1890–1973) was a British painter who was renowned as a maritime artist. His most famous paintings depict sailing ships, usually clippers or warships of the 18th and 19th centuries. Montague was the son of a keen yachtsman and the grandson of the marine painter Henry Dawson (1811–1878), born in Chiswick, London. Much of his childhood was spent on Southampton Water where he was able to indulge his interest in the study of ships. For a brief period around 1910 Dawson worked for a commercial art studio in Bedford Row, London, but with the outbreak of the First World War he joined the Royal Navy. Whilst serving with the Navy in Falmouth he met Charles Napier Hemy (1841–1917), who considerably influenced his work. In 1924 Dawson was the official artist for an Expedition to the South Seas by the steam yacht St.George. During the expedition he provided illustrated reports to the Graphic magazine.

After the War, Dawson established himself as a professional marine artist, concentrating on historical subjects and portraits of deep-water sailing ships. During the Second World War, he was employed as a war artist. Dawson exhibited regularly at the Royal Society of Marine Artists, of which he became a member, from 1946 to 1964, and occasionally at the Royal Academy between 1917 and 1936. By the 1930s he was considered one of the greatest living marine artists, whose patrons included two American Presidents, Dwight D Eisenhower and Lyndon B Johnson, as well as the British Royal Family. Also in the 1930s, he moved to Milford-Upon-Sea in Hampshire, living there for many years. Dawson is noted for the strict accuracy in the nautical detail of his paintings which often sell for six figures.

The work of Montague Dawson is represented in the National Maritime Museum, Greenwich and the Royal Naval Museum, Portsmouth. More on Montague Dawson

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01 Classic Works of Art, Marine Paintings - With Footnotes, #120

Théodore Gudin,  (1802–1880)

Loss of East Indiaman Kent, c. 1828

Oil on canvas

Height: 259 cm (101.9 in); Width: 417.5 cm (13.6 ft)

Musée national de la Marine, Paris

The Kent was an East Indiaman, a vessel sailing for the British East India Company, and launched in 1820. She completed two voyages to Bombay and China for the Company and was on her third voyage, to Bengal and China, when a fire in the Bay of Biscay destroyed her. Her captain for all three voyages was Henry Cobb. More on the The Kent 

Jean Antoine Théodore Gudin (15 August 1802 – 11 April 1880) was a French painter of the 19th century, born in Paris.

He especially painted navy scenes, and was a pupil of Girodet-Trioson. Gudin was one of the first Peintres de la Marine, at the court of Louis-Philippe and Napoleon III.

Gudin died at Boulogne-sur-Seine in 1880. His daughter Henriette Gudin also became a marine painter. More on Jean Antoine Théodore Gudin

Please visit my other blogs: Art Collector, Mythology, Marine Art, and The Canals of Venice

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01 Classic Works of Art, Marine Paintings - With Footnotes, #119

Baron Théodore Gudin, (1802-1880)

Bateaux dans la tempête/ Boats in the storm, c. 1850

Oil on canvas

66 x 48

Private collection

Jean Antoine Théodore Gudin (15 August 1802 – 11 April 1880) was a French painter of the 19th century, born in Paris.

He especially painted navy scenes, and was a pupil of Girodet-Trioson. Gudin was one of the first Peintres de la Marine, at the court of Louis-Philippe and Napoleon III.


Gudin died at Boulogne-sur-Seine in 1880. His daughter Henriette Gudin also became a marine painter. More on Jean Antoine Théodore Gudin

Please visit my other blogs: Art Collector, Mythology, Marine Art, and The Canals of Venice

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01 Classic Works of Art, Marine Paintings - With Footnotes, #118

Adolf von Meckel, 1856 - 1893, GERMAN

FISHERMEN ON LAKE MARIOUT, EGYPT, c. 1889

Oil on canvas

200 by 270cm., 78¾ by 106in.

Private collection

Lake Mariout is a brackish lake in northern Egypt. The lake area covered 200 km² and had a navigable canal at the beginning of the 20th century, but at the beginning of the 21st century, it covers only about 50 km².

At least 250 years ago, the lake was fresh water, and much of it would dry up during the period just before the Nile flooded again. A storm in 1770 breached the sea wall at Abu Qir, creating a sea-water lake known as Lake Abu Qir. The salt waters were kept separate from Lake Mariout by the canal that allowed fresh water to travel from the Nile to Alexandria. As part of the Siege of Alexandria, on 13 March 1801, the British cut the canal, allowing a great rush of sea water from Lake Abu Qir into Lake Mariout. Lake Abu Qir ceased to exist, and Lake Mariout became brackish instead of fresh.


It is separated from the Mediterranean Sea by the narrow isthmus on which the city of Alexandria was built. The lake shore is home to fisheries and saltworks. As far back as the early 1900s, it was documented that salt was being refined from the western part of the lake. More on Lake Mariout

Adolf Meckel of Hemsbach (* 17th February 1856 in Berlin ; † 24. May 1893 ) was a German landscape and genre painter. After the early death of his father, he spent his childhood with the maternal grandparents in Saint Petersburg. He studied painting at the Karlsruhe Academy of Fine Arts in Hans Gude. From 1880 to 1881 he visited the Arab countries of Egypt , Palestine , the coast of the Dead Sea, in Jordan. Further journeys led him to the countries of the North African Maghreb . Among others, he visited St. Catherine's Monastery at the foot of Mount Sinai . Besides the tropical landscapes he created numerous orientale genre scenes. After his final return he was initially based in Karlsruhe, then moved in 1892 back into his own country.

Meckel regularly presented his work at the Royal Academy of Arts in Berlin exhibition, the Great Berlin Art Exhibition, as well as in Munich Glass Palace. He also exhibited in Dresden, Stuttgart and Vienna. In 1893, he took his own life. More on Adolf Meckel of Hemsbach

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01 Classic Works of Art, Marine Paintings - With Footnotes, #40a

Willy Tiedjen (1881 Hamburg - 1950 Munich)

Hamburg Harbor with the Kaiserspeicher ( Kaiser Memorial) and St. Michael's Church

Oil on canvas

48.5 x 70.5

Private collection

The Port of Hamburg is a sea port on the river Elbe in Hamburg, Germany, 110 kilometres from its mouth on the North Sea. The port is almost as old as the history of Hamburg itself. Founded on 7 May 1189 by Frederick I for its strategic location, it has been Central Europe's main port for centuries and enabled Hamburg to develop early into a leading city of trade with a rich and proud bourgeoisie. More on Hamburg Harbor 

It's Germany's largest port and is named the country's "Gateway to the World" (Tor zur Welt). In terms of TEU throughput, Hamburg is the second-busiest port in Europe (after Rotterdam) and 15th-largest worldwide.

Willy Tiedjen, was actually Carl Friedrich Emil Martin Wilhelm Tiedjen also Tiedgen or Tietjen.  He was born in 1881, and was an animal, landscape, and marine painter.  

From 1901-02, he was a student at the Kunstgewerbeschule Hamburg.  From 1902-06, he studied at the Munich academy under Heinrich of reins.  After that,  changing stays in Munich, Karlsruhe, Hamburg, Noordwijk in the Netherlands and Wörth am Rhein.

Tiedjen went on study trips to Holland and Switzerland.  He was established in Munich in 1912.  He charged exhibitions in Munich glass Palace, and the Great German Art Exhibitions in Munich.  He was a member of  the Munich Artists 'Association, the National Association. More on Willy Tiedjen

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01 Classic Works of Art, Marine Paintings - With Footnotes, #117

Otto von Thoren (Austrian, 1828-1889)

Bathing by the sea, c. 1876

Oil on canvas

25-3/4 x 31-1/4 inches (65.4 x 79.4 cm)

Private collection

Otto von Thoren (21 July 1828 Vienna, 15 July 1889 in Paris) is an Austrian animal painter. He was the son of son of Francis Casimir Thoron and Constance Marie-Françoise Lochmann

Otto von Thoren was made an officer in 1846, participates in the Austrian Revolution of 1848 , he was captain of cuirassiers, then moved to Venice. In 1857, he completely turned to painting and studied for several years in Brussels and Paris .

In the mid 1860s, he was called to Vienna to paint the portrait of Franz Joseph I of Austria . After painting Death of Gustavus Adolphus , he turned to painting animals , particularly cattle grazing, where he is distinguished by his delicate nature observation.

The paintings of Otto von Thoren are often found in Austrian museums such as the Museum Heeresgeschichtliches (Military History Museum) in Vienna. More Otto von Thoren

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01 Classic Works of Art, Marine Paintings - With Footnotes, #115

Robert McVittie, Canadian, (1935 - 2002)

At the Dock

Oil on canvas

20 x 36 in. (50.8 x 91.4 cm) 

Private collection

Robert McVittie ( August 1, 1935 - 2002 ) Born in England, McVittie trained for a naval career at the Thames Nautical Training College, and worked in the Merchant Navy before moving to Canada in 1957. He worked in mining and construction in Northern Ontario and British Columbia before moving to Vancouver, in 1964. Working in oil, he painted in the manner of Montague Dawson and his subject matter includes all types of shipping from early sailing vessels to fishing boats and modern ships. His renderings are accurate based on specific shipbuilding plans. He travelled to the Canadian Arctic and was knowledgeable about the marine history of the Northwest Territories. 

McVittie was first engaged to sail aboard Canadian Navy ships in 1985 during the navy's 75th Anniversary. In 1991, he was designated as the official war artist by Canada's Department of National Defense and sailed with the "Operation Friction" Naval Task Group to the first Gulf War. He recorded the Navy's operations through a series of paintings which are housed in The Maritime Museum of British Columbia, Canada. His paintings are in many collections throughout the world and in many Canadian Museums. More on Robert McVittie 

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01 Classic Works of Art, Marine Paintings - With Footnotes, #116

Ivan Aivazovsky, (1817–1900) 

Black Sea Fleet in the Bay of Theodosia, just before the Crimean War, c. 1890

Oil on canvas

53 × 107 cm (20.9 × 42.1 in)

Aivazovsky National Art Gallery, Feodosia, Crimea

Feodosia (was a Russian; Ukrainian; Crimean Tatar; Turkish; and Venetian port), also called Theodosia, is a port and resort, a town of regional significance in Crimea on the Black Sea coast. The expanding Russian Empire conquered the whole Crimea in 1783 (or 1774?). It was renamed Feodosiya, after the traditional Russian reading of the ancient Greek name. More Theodosia

Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky (29 July 1817 – 2 May 1900) was a Russian Romantic painter. Aivazovsky was born into an Armenian family in the Black Sea port of Feodosia and was mostly based in his native Crimea.

Following his education at the Imperial Academy of Arts, Aivazovsky traveled to Europe and lived briefly in Italy in the early 1840s. He then returned to Russia and was appointed the main painter of the Russian Navy. Aivazovsky had close ties with the military and political elite of the Russian Empire and often attended military maneuvers. He was sponsored by the state and was well-regarded during his lifetime.

One of the most prominent Russian artists of his time, Aivazovsky was also popular outside Russia. He held numerous solo exhibitions in Europe and the United States. During his almost 60-year career, he created around 6,000 paintings, making him one of the most prolific artists of his time.The vast majority of his works are seascapes, but he often depicted battle scenes, Armenian themes, and portraiture. Most of Aivazovsky's works are kept in Russian, Ukrainian and Armenian museums as well as private collections. More on Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky

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